Sherwood Forest coleoptera - species gains and losses |
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In what could quite possibly be a case of 'out
with the old and in with the new', there's been some striking
changes to Sherwood Forest's beetle fauna over the past 100 years.
This page lists both those beetles unrecorded within the area known as the Sherwood Forest National Nature Reserve since 1921 and those recorded new to the area since 2000. It's quite some turnover really and it would be interesting to know if such a list of recently added species is actually quite typical of other UK sites. Sherwood is fortunate in that it's invertebrate fauna over most orders, is generally well recorded, documented and accessible. This makes things easier for those of us interested in the variances brought about over the course of a century, through changes to climate and an endless range of other possible influencing factors affecting many species either positively or negatively. The effects for inducing the sudden or gradual decline, or expansion of a particular species, are probably several in the vast majority of cases and the cause of decline or loss, can be beyond our understanding of that species. Just having the correct habitat is often not enough to rescue a species from catastrophic decline and a number of beetles have gone that way over the years. |
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Sherwood Forest NNR species list total
and changes to the species list As of December 31st 2020, the Sherwood Forest National Nature Reserve coleoptera list stood at an approximate total of 1,201 species. 20 years ago (at the start of this century) the species list totalled 922, which was 84 species up on the 824 total reached at the end of 1921, some five years after J.W. Carr published his 1916 book 'The invertebrate Fauna of Nottinghamshire'. How lucky Nottinghamshire is to have such a book for the researchers among us. The Sherwood Forest list should be considered healthy for an area of it's size, especially as it lacks areas of deciduous woodland with a more diverse range of trees and shrubs and a large wetland area with good marginal habitat. Species-wise, it has seen considerable changes since the earliest documented records came in the late 1800's and of those species recorded up to 1921, approximately 297 have not been recorded since. Although beetles have been regularly 'rediscovered' at Sherwood after having gone unrecorded for a century, it is highly likely that many have indeed been lost from the area over time. On the flip side, a total of 293 previously unrecorded species, have been gained since 2000 alone. This rather high total, is the result of Sherwood's most intense period of coverage and recording effort geared towards coleoptera. |
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The total includes 14 aquatic species recorded new to
the Sherwood Forest NNR post-2000, from the families Haliplidae,
Noteridae, Hygrobidae and Disticidae and many more had been added
during the latter part of the 1990's. For some reason, no records of these
or any other aquatic coleoptera were recorded (or presented) from anywhere in the
Sherwood Forest area in Carr's 1916 book. Why this is remains unknown
and something of a mystery really, as there were obviously some water bodies present
over the area of the NNR a century or
more ago. Surveys, recorders and species additions The credit of Sherwood Forest even having a list of aquatic coleoptera, is really down to the enormous recording efforts of Bob Merritt. Bob singly handedly mapped Nottinghamshire's aquatic coleoptera during the late 1990's and early part of the 2000's and very kindly gave Dilys and myself a spreadsheet containing his records. Bob wanted his records 'used' and of course we gratefully obliged. An example of the results of Bob Merritt's recording is shown in the map for Ilybius fuliginosus (Fabricius, 1792) on the left. All bar about a dozen of the grid squares are attributable to Bob's recording. Quite a remarkable achievement. Bob Merritt left Nottinghamshire after eventually adding some 63 (mostly aquatic) species new to the NNR. Dilys and myself contributed 102 new species to the NNR list during many visits between 2008 and 2015, but many other new species (with totals in brackets) have been added following surveys conducted on behalf of Natural England East Midlands by M.L. Denton, E.J. Green, D.G. Hemingway, R.J. Marsh and D. Sharp, D. in 2002 (55sp) and more recently by a Natural England Survey Team of J. Hackman, J. Webb, A. Drewitt, J. Small and N. Button et al in 2018 (12sp). Earlier site surveys included Derek Lott's 1998 survey (23sp), followed quickly by Tony Drane's 2000 survey (40sp), Keith Alexander's 2009/2010 survey (5sp) and Paul and Helen Brock and John and Denise Bingham's site visit/survey in 2018 (2sp) General invertebrate surveys of Sherwood Heath by A. Godfrey and B. Marsh, commisioned by the Sherwood Forest Trust in the early 2000's, were a source of 36 new species for the Sherwood Forest NNR. Importantly, these surveys added many non-saproxylic species and most of the species found new this century, have largely been of this nature. This has placed a greater emphasis on Sherwood Forest holding a wider range of coleoptera, rather than just being considered important for it's saproxylic species. Sherwood is much more than that. |
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It's also important to remember
the enormous contributions made by those often forgotten recorders,
who covered Sherwood Forest throughout the latter decades of the
20th century. Colin Johnson found 24 species new to the area over a
number of years between 1960 and 1989, while Peter Skidmore recorded
another nine new species and F.A. Hunter six. Allan and Annette
Binding added a further ten species during visits and surveys crossing both the previous and
current centuries, while Adrian Dutton (a regular recorder of the
NNR's coleoptera for a number of years) has added at least eight new
species and a number of 'refounds' during his visits. Species for which there have been no Sherwood Forest NNR records since 1921 The following list of beetles have not been recorded from anywhere within the Sherwood Forest NNR over the last 100 years. While many of those listed are small species, often from difficult to identify families or families out of favour with coleopterists today, it is always possible that they could be recorded at some time in the future with persistant recording effort. It has to be said however, that a great many of the species on this list are probably best considered lost and not being present at Sherwood Forest today. There are some species on the list though, which have declined nationally in recent decades and it may be that over time, some of these will return when conditions are more suited. |
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The cause of a
species being lost from a site can be down to any number of causes
and influencing factors; either through natural means such as
microclimatic or global climate changes, or the loss of habitat
through human activity such as commercial forestry, an over-zealous
scrub/tree removal program, or just inconsiderate and poor site
management. Contrary to popular general opinion, there is plenty of standing dying, or dead wood habitat at Sherwood Forest Country Park. But if trees keep being removed as part of a thinning program aimed at increasing veteran tree longevity and to ensure 'healthy' woodland, there is every chance that this will potentially lead to a lack of standing dying/dead wood habitat. This is being compensated for by the abhorrent practice of 'veteranising' trees to speed up the aging process. It's just arboreal euthanasia and it's needless. To ensure a continuous supply of dying/deadwood habitat at Sherwood Forest, it would perhaps be better practice to remedy Sherwood's age-old problem of being a forest of trees with a limited age range. As a mature forest with a quite unique population of veteran trees, unless young Oak and the forgotten Silver Birch are allowed to grow now, there will be even less tree succession in 100/200 years from now and aren't we supposed to be protecting the forest for future generations? |
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Ptiliidae has been one of the worst affected families in terms of
species presumed as lost from the NNR. Some ten species have not been seen
in 100 years, including four species of Acrotrichis. These seem to have been replaced by four new species of Acrotrichis
since the turn of this century however and there must be a number of
others awaiting discovery for anyone fancying something
of a challenge. Leiodidae is another family to have suffered a number of losses in Sherwood Forest, with 19 species not recorded since before 1921 and only five new species found since 2000. Despite members of this family being distinctive to assign to family level easily enough, identification to species level is not always easy and as they are often being found on or near carrion or fungi, perhaps aren't many coleopterist's first choice of study? A total of 95 species from the extensive Staphylinidae family, have not been recorded since 1921, but Staphylinidae is another of those families often shunned by modern recorders, largely through the difficulties in species identification and the huge number of species the family contains. Other families and their corresponding number of lost species not seen since 1921, include Elateridae (5sp), Cantharidae (4sp), Nitidulidae (10sp), Monotomidae (6sp), Latridiidae (7sp), Cerambycidae (4sp), Chrysomelidae (23sp), Apionidae (14sp) and Curculionidae (30sp). |
Carabidae Latreille, 1802 |
Bembidion femoratum Sturm, 1825 |
Poecilus kugelanni (Panzer, 1797) |
Pterostichus diligens (Sturm, 1824) |
Synuchus vivalis (Illiger, 1798) |
Calathus erratus (Sahlberg, C.R., 1827) |
Olisthopus rotundatus (Paykull, 1790) |
Amara fulva (Müller, O.F., 1776) |
Harpalus rubripes (Duftschmid, 1812) |
Harpalus tardus (Panzer, 1796) |
Bradycellus caucasicus (Chaudoir, 1846) |
Anthracus consputus (Duftschmid, 1812) |
Licinus depressus (Paykull, 1790) |
Helophoridae Leach, 1815 |
Helophorus nubilus Fabricius, 1777 |
Helophorus rufipes (Bosc d'Antic, 1791) |
Hydrophilidae Latreille, 1802 |
Cercyon analis (Paykull, 1798) |
Cryptopleurum minutum (Fabricius, 1775) |
Histeridae Gyllenhal, 1808 |
Abraeus granulum Erichson, 1839 |
Acritus nigricornis (Hoffmann, J., 1803) |
Hypocaccus rugifrons (Paykull, 1798) |
Carcinops pumilio (Erichson, 1834) |
Margarinotus carbonaris (Hoffmann, 1803) |
Margarinotus merdarius (Hoffmann, J., 1803) |
Margarinotus purpurascens (Herbst, 1792) |
Ptiliidae Erichson, 1845 |
Ptenidium gressneri Erichson, 1845 |
Ptenidium turgidum Thomson, C.G., 1855 |
Euryptilium saxonicum (Gillmeister, 1845) |
Ptiliolum marginatum (Aubé, 1850) |
Ptinella denticollis (Fairmaire, 1858) |
Ptinella limbata (Heer, 1841) |
Acrotrichis atomaria (De Geer, 1774) |
Acrotrichis brevipennis (Erichson, 1845) |
Acrotrichis montandonii (Allibert, 1844) |
Acrotrichis thoracica (Waltl, 1838) |
Leiodidae Fleming, 1821 |
Leiodes calcarata (Erichson, 1845) |
Leiodes dubia (Kugelann, 1794) |
Leiodes obesa (Schmidt, W.L.E., 1841) |
Leiodes oblonga (Erichson, 1845) |
Colenis immunda (Sturm, 1807) |
Agathidium convexum Sharp, 1866 |
Agathidium marginatum Sturm, 1807 |
Agathidium rotundatum (Gyllenhal, 1827) |
Nargus wilkinii (Spence, 1813) |
Choleva angustata (Fabricius, 1781) |
Sciodrepoides fumatus (Spence, 1813) |
Catops chrysomeloides (Panzer, 1798) |
Catops coracinus Kellner, 1846 |
Catops grandicollis Erichson, 1837 |
Catops kirbii (Spence, 1813) |
Catops morio (Fabricius, 1787) |
Ptomaphagus medius Rey, 1889 |
Ptomaphagus varicornis (Rosenhauer, 1847) |
Leptinus testaceus Müller, P.W.J., 1817 |
Staphylinidae Latreille, 1802 |
Eusphalerum luteum (Marsham, 1802) |
Eusphalerum torquatum (Marsham, 1802) |
Omalium allardi Fairmaire & Brisout de Barneville, 1859 |
Omalium excavatum Stephens, 1834 |
Omalium exiguum Gyllenhal, 1810 |
Omalium italicum Bernhauer, 1902 |
Omalium oxyacanthae Gravenhorst, 1806 |
Phloeonomus pusillus (Gravenhorst, 1806) |
Phyllodrepa salicis (Gyllenhal, 1810) |
Megarthrus bellevoyei (Saulcy, 1862) |
Megarthrus denticollis (Beck, 1817) |
Proteinus crenulatus Pandellé, 1867 |
Arrhenopeplus tesserula Curtis, 1828 |
Euplectus sanguineus Denny, 1825 |
Euplectus signatus (Reichenbach, 1816) |
Bryaxis curtisi (Leach, 1817) |
Tychus niger (Paykull, 1800) |
Lordithon exoletus (Erichson, 1839) |
Mycetoporus angularis Mulsant & Rey, 1853 |
Mycetoporus longulus Mannerheim, 1830 |
Mycetoporus rufescens (Stephens, 1832) |
Cilea silphoides (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Tachinus proximus Kraatz, 1855 |
Tachyporus pusillus Gravenhorst, 1806 |
Trichophya pilicornis (Gyllenhal, 1810) |
Aleochara lanuginosa Gravenhorst, 1802 |
Aleochara lata Gravenhorst, 1802 |
Aleochara moerens Gyllenhal, 1827 |
Aleochara moesta Gravenhorst, 1802 |
Tinotus morion (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Atheta boletophila (Thomson, C.G., 1856) |
Atheta divisa (Märkel, 1844) |
Atheta euryptera (Stephens, 1832) |
Atheta fungicola (Thomson, C.G., 1852) |
Atheta liturata (Stephens, 1832) |
Atheta ravilla (Erichson, 1839) |
Badura macrocera (Thomson, C.G., 1856) |
Dimetrota atramentaria (Gyllenhal, 1810) |
Liogluta longiuscula Thomson, C.G., 1858 |
Microdota atricolor (Sharp, 1869) |
Microdota benickiella (Brundin, 1948) |
Microdota subtilis (Scriba, 1866) |
Nehemitropia lividipennis (Mannerheim, 1830) |
Pachyatheta cribrata (Kraatz, 1856) |
Traumoecia picipes (Thomson, C.G., 1856) |
Autalia rivularis (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Cordalia obscura (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Gyrophaena affinis Mannerheim, 1830 |
Gyrophaena fasciata (Marsham, 1802) |
Gyrophaena gentilis Erichson, 1839 |
Gyrophaena nana (Paykull, 1800) |
Oligota inflata (Mannerheim, 1830) |
Oligota picipes (Stephens, 1832) |
Oligota pusillima (Gravenhorst, 1806) |
Pella limbata (Paykull, 1789) |
Myllaena fowleri Matthews, A., 1883 |
Haploglossa villosula (Stephens, 1832) |
Ilyobates nigricollis (Paykull, 1800) |
Ischnoglossa prolixa (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Placusa tachyporoides (Waltl, 1838) |
Anotylus inustus (Gravenhorst, 1806) |
Oxytelus fulvipes Erichson, 1839 |
Oxytelus sculptus Gravenhorst, 1806 |
Platystethus arenarius (Fourcroy, 1785) |
Eutheia linearis Mulsant, 1861 |
Neuraphes angulatus (Müller, P.W.J. & Kunze, 1822) |
Scydmoraphes sparshalli (Denny, 1825) |
Stenichnus godarti (Latreille, 1806) |
Stenus nanus Stephens, 1833 |
Lathrobium elongatum (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Othius angustus Stephens, 1833 |
Othius laeviusculus Stephens, 1833 |
Bisnius cephalotes (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Bisnius puella (Nordmann, 1837) |
Gabrius trossulus (Nordmann, 1837) |
Philonthus addendus Sharp, 1867 |
Philonthus albipes (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Philonthus cruentatus (Gmelin in Linnaeus, 1790) |
Philonthus marginatus (Müller, O.F., 1764) |
Philonthus politus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Philonthus ventrialis (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Heterothops dissimilis (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Quedius boops (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Quedius cinctus (Paykull, 1790) |
Quedius fulgidus (Fabricius, 1792) |
Quedius levicollis (Brullé, 1832) |
Quedius picipes (Mannerheim, 1830) |
Quedius puncticollis (Thomson, C.G., 1867) |
Quedius semiaeneus (Stephens, 1833) |
Quedius semiobscurus (Marsham, 1802) |
Quedius truncicola Fairmaire & Laboulbène, 1856 |
Ocypus opthalmicus (Scopoli, 1763) |
Staphylinus caesareus Cederhjelm, 1798 |
Megalinus glabratus (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Xantholinus elegans (Olivier, 1795) |
Geotrupidae Latreille, 1802 |
Trypocopris vernalis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1766 |
Aphodius coenosus (Panzer, 1798) |
Scirtidae Fleming, 1821 |
Elodes minuta (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Cyphon coarctitus Paykull, 1799 |
Cyphon variabilis (Thunberg, 1787) |
Prionocyphon serricornis (Müller, P.W.J., 1821) |
Byrrhidae Latreille, 1804 |
Byrrhus pustulatus (Forster, 1770) |
Dryopidae Billberg, 1820 (1817) |
Dryops ernesti des Gozis, 1886 |
Elateridae Leach, 1815 |
Calambus bipustulatus (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Aplotarus incanus (Gyllenhal, 1827) |
Athous campyloides Newman, 1833 |
Adrastus rachifer (Fourcroy, 1785) |
Agriotes lineatus (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Ampedus cinnabarinus (Eschscholtz, 1829) |
Cantharidae Imhoff, 1856 (1815) |
Podabrus alpinus (Paykull, 1798) |
Cantharis paludosa Fallén, 1807 |
Malthodes fibulatus Kiesenwetter, 1852 |
Malthodes pumilus (Brébisson, 1835) |
Bostrichidae Latreille, 1802 |
Lyctus brunneus (Stephens, 1830) |
Ptinidae Latreille, 1802 |
Ptinus subpilosus Sturm, 1837 |
Stegobium paniceum (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Anitys rubens (Hoffmann, J., 1803) |
Cleridae Latreille, 1802 |
Necrobia ruficollis (Fabricius, 1775) |
Necrobia rufipes (De Geer, 1775) |
Necrobia violacea (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Dasytidae Laporte, 1840 |
Dasytes plumbeus (Müller, O.F., 1776) |
Kateretidae Kirby, 1837 |
Kateretes pusillus (Thunberg, 1794) |
Brachypterus urticae Nettle Pollen Beetle (Fabricius, 1792) |
Nitidulidae Latreille, 1802 |
Carpophilus mutilatus Erichson, 1843 |
Epuraea guttata (Olivier, 1811) |
Epuraea longula Erichson, 1845 |
Epuraea silacea (Herbst, 1783) |
Meligethes difficilis (Heer, 1841) |
Meligethes morosus Erichson, 1845 |
Meligethes ochropus Sturm, 1845 |
Meligethes viridescens (Fabricius, 1787) |
Nitidula bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Omosita depressa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Monotomidae Laporte, 1840 |
Rhizophagus oblongicollis Blatch & Horner, 1892 |
Rhizophagus parallelocollis Gyllenhal, 1827 |
Rhizophagus picipes (Olivier, 1790) |
Monotoma conicicollis Guérin-Méneville, 1837 |
Monotoma longicollis (Gyllenhal, 1827) |
Monotoma testacea Motschulsky, 1845 |
Silvanidae Kirby, 1837 |
Oryzaephilus surinamensis Saw-toothed Grain Beetle (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Cryptophagidae Kirby, 1837 |
Cryptophagus pubescens Sturm, 1845 |
Cryptophagus setulosus Sturm, 1845 |
Antherophagus similis Curtis, 1835 |
Atomaria apicalis Erichson, 1846 |
Atomaria nigriventris Stephens, 1830 |
Erotylidae Latreille, 1802 |
Dacne rufifrons (Fabricius, 1775) |
Bothrideridae Erichson, 1845 |
Oxylaemus cylindricus (Creutzer in Panzer, 1796) |
Coccinellidae Latreille, 1807 |
Scymnus auritus Thunberg, 1795 |
Scymnus nigrinus Kugelann, 1794 |
Platynaspis luteorubra (Goeze, 1777) |
Coccinella undecimpunctata 11-spot Ladybird Linnaeus, 1758 |
Corylophidae LeConte, 1852 |
Orthoperus atomarius (Heer, 1841) |
Orthoperus atomus (Gyllenhal, 1808) |
Orthoperus brunnipes (Gyllenhal, 1808) |
Orthoperus corticalis (Redtenbacher, 1849) |
Latridiidae Erichson, 1842 |
Latridius porcatus Herbst, 1793 |
Enicmus brevicornis (Mannerheim, 1844) |
Deinerella filiformis (Gyllenhal, 1827) |
Corticaria crenulata (Gyllenhal, 1827) |
Corticaria fulva (Comolli, 1837) |
Corticaria dubia Dajoz, 1970 |
Corticaria punctulata Marsham, 1802 |
Mycetophagidae Leach, 1815 |
Mycetophagus piceus (Fabricius, 1777) |
Mycetophagus quadripustulatus (Linnaeus, 1761) |
Ciidae Leach, 1819 |
Ennearthron comutum (Gyllenhal, 1827) |
Tenebrionidae Latreille, 1802 |
Corticeus linearis (Fabricius, 1790) |
Diaperis boleti (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Oedemeridae Latreille, 1810 |
Ischnomera sanguinicollis (Fabricius, 1787) |
Scraptiidae Gistel, 1848 |
Scraptia fuscula Müller, P.W.J., 1821 |
Anaspis lurida Stephens, 1832 |
Cerambycidae Latreille, 1802 |
Stictoleptura scutellata (Fabricius, 1781) |
Alosterna tabacicolor (De Geer, 1775) |
Gracilia minuta (Fabricius, 1781) |
Stenostola dubia (Laicharting, 1784) |
Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802 |
Bruchidius villosus (Fabricius, 1792) |
Cryptocephalus nitidulus Fabricius, 1787 |
Chrysolina sturmi (Westhoff, 1882) |
Gastrophysa polygoni (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Hydrothassa marginella (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Prasocuris junci (Brahm, 1790) |
Phratora vitellinae (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Luperus flavipes (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Luperus longicornis (Fabricius, 1781) |
Phyllotreta vittula (Redtenbacher, 1849) |
Longitarsus atricillus (Linnaeus, 1761) |
Longitarsus exoletus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Longitarsus ganglbaueri Heikertinger, 1912 |
Longitarsus gracillis Kutschera, 1864 |
Longitarsus pratensis (Panzer, 1794) |
Altica helianthemi (Allard, 1859) |
Neocrepidodera ferruginea (Scopoli, 1763) |
Derocrepis rufipes (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Mantura rustica (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Apteropeda orbiculata (Marsham, 1802) |
Psylliodes cuprea (Koch, J.D.W., 1803) |
Psylliodes luteola (Müller, O.F., 1776) |
Cassida viridis Linnaeus, 1758 |
Nemonychidae Bedel, 1882 |
Cimberis attelaboides (Fabricius, 1787) |
Anthribidae Billberg, 1820 |
Anthribus nebulosus (Forster, 1771) |
Rhynchitidae Gistel, 1848 |
Involvulus cupreus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Neocoenorrhinus germanicus (Herbst, 1797) |
Neocoenorrhinus pauxillus (Germar, 1824) |
Attelabidae Billberg, 1820 |
Apoderus coryli (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Apionidae Schönherr, 1823 |
Apion cruentatum Walton, J., 1844 |
Aspidapion aeneum (Fabricius, 1775) |
Aspidapion radiolus (Marsham, 1802) |
Ceratapion carduorum (Kirby, W., 1808) |
Eutrichapion ervi (Kirby, W., 1808) |
Holotrichapion aethiops (Herbst, 1797) |
Holotrichapion pisi (Fabricius, 1801) |
Oxystoma craccae (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Pirapion immune (Kirby, W., 1808) |
Ischnopterapion loti (Kirby, 1808) |
Ischnopterapion virens (Herbst, 1797) |
Protopirapion atratulum (Germar, 1817) |
Protapion assimile (Kirby, W., 1808) |
Protapion difforme (Germar, 1818) |
Erirhinidae Schönherr, 1825 |
Procas picipes (Marsham, 1802) |
Curculionidae Latreille, 1802 |
Curculio betulae (Stephens, 1831) |
Cleopus pulchellus (Herbst, 1795) |
Dorytomus tortrix (Linnaeus, 1761) |
Orchestes alni (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Orchestes calceatus (Germar, 1821) |
Orchestes testaceus (Müller, O.F., 1776) |
Tachyerges salicis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Ceutorhynchus alliariae Brisout de Barneville, H., 1860 |
Ceutorhynchus assimilis (Paykull, 1792) sensu.stricto. |
Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham, 1802) |
Ceutorhynchus pyrrhorhynchus (Marsham, 1802) |
Coliodes transversealbofasciatus (Goeze, 1777) |
Datonychus arquatus (Herbst, 1795) |
Phytobius leucogaster (Marsham, 1802) |
Rhyncolus ater (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Otiorhynchus ligneus (Olivier, 1807) |
Phyllobius glaucus (Scopoli, 1763) |
Phyllobius viridicollis (Laicharting, 1781) |
Barypeithes araneiformis (Schrank, 1781) |
Sitona hispidulus (Fabricius, 1777) |
Sitona puncticollis Stephens, 1831 |
Hypera suspiciosa (Herbst, 1795) |
Hypera venusta (Fabricius, 1781) |
Magdalis armigera (Fourcroy, 1785) |
Scolytus ratzeburgi Birch Bark Beetle Janson, E.W., 1856 |
Orthotomicus laricis (Fabricius, 1792) |
Hylesinus varius Ash Bark Beetle (Fabricius, 1775) |
Species recorded as new to the Sherwood
Forest NNR since 2000 Of the following 293 species for which there appear to be no documented records from Sherwood Forest prior to 2000, many will come as a surprise to the experienced coleopterist who happens to read this. The list includes a number of beetles which in all honesty, would be regarded as standard 'list fillers' for any invertebrate survey today, and there seems to be no real reason why they haven't been recorded within the Sherwood Forest NNR until recently. Quite astonishing is the number of new Carabidae recorded new to the NNR, even though Carabidae is among the most popular families with coleopterists today. |
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A total of 39 new Carabids includes ten from the genus Amara
alone and none of which are sufficiently rare enough to get really excited about.
Why these weren't picked up before is strange, as none of them come
immediately to mind as having undergone recent range expansions in the past 20 or so
years. Possibly it's because much of the recent coleoptera surveying, has been largely geared towards Sherwood's saproxylic species and that few individual recorders have devoted much time to recording here. Sherwood Forest is known ofr it's saproxylic invertebrates (not just some famous outlaw) and one of the reasons why it was originally awarded it's NNR status. The 293 species does contain many new saproxylic beetles, including Agrilus sinuatus (Buprestidae) pictured right, Lymexylon navale (Lymexylidae), Orchasia minor and Melandrya caraboides (Melandryidae), Uleiota planata and Silvanus bidentatus (Silvanidae), Rhizophagus fenestralis (Monotomidae) and Cryptolestes duplicatus (Laemophloeidae). The latter beetle found in early 2020, is every bit the typical saproxylic beetle - dull, brown and small. However, excitingly it was the NNR's first recorded species from the family Laemophloeidae, as was Ochthebius minimus (Hydraenidae) which was another record attributable to Bob Merritt. |
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Four species of Acrotrichis
(Ptiliidae) were added during the 2002 survey of Sherwood Forest Country
Park and the Buck Gates area by M.L. Denton et al, but only one has been
recorded again since. Acrotrichis and Ptiliidae
are minute beetles generally (between 0.5 - 2mm in length) and although
common in most leaf litter samples, are just too small for most
people to bother with. Another family not entirely popular with many coleopterists is Staphylinidae. This is a huge family with well over 1,000 UK species and probably more still waiting to be discovered. There are many very small, similar species and the lack of a decent, readily available and up to date identification key to the whole family doesn't help. The recording of Staphylinids over the past century at Sherwood Forest is especially interesting to those who like their statistics, which is perhaps merely just the same as saying 'are interested'. The family's popularity at Sherwood, has certainly lessened over the past 100 years with 95 species either lost or unrecorded since 1921, compared to just 67 species gained. |
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However, although the family's overall
popularity has declined, a number of genera within the family are still
popular with recorders and within the five genera which follow, Dilys
and I certainly favoured Stenus, Philonthus and
Quedius. Within these lost and gained Staphylinids are some
interesting changes to at least five different genera, namely
Tachyporus (1L/5G), Atheta (6L/3G), Stenus (1L/9G), Philonthus (6L/3G) and Quedius (9L/5G).
Obviously 'L' means Lost and 'G' means Gained. Observer preference or favouritism, certainly plays a part here and particularly with the genus Stenus. Seven out of the nine species gained since 2000, were once again attributable to the recording of Bob Merritt, but most of the other new species are from various commitioned surveys. Compartmental grazing within the Sherwood Forest Country Park and on Budby South Forest by a combination of English Longhorn Cattle and Hebridean Sheep, has led to the largest increase in new species showed by Scarabaeidae. Prior to 2000, just six species were known compared to today's 24 and of the 24, personal favouritism towards the genus Aphodius has certainly been a factor in increasing the Sherwood species list. |
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Family favouritism also applies to
Coccinellidae and it was surprising when originally compiling a species
list for the NNR in 2008, that so many common and well recorded
Ladybirds, hadn't actually been officially documented as having occurred
at Sherwood, in the available media we had at the time. So to have
species such as Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata
16-spot Ladybird, Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata
22-spot Ladybird and Adalia decempunctata
10-spot Ladybird as new to Sherwood post-2000, is rather
ridiculous. The same might be thought about Halyzia sedecimguttata Orange
Ladybird, but that's not so frequent over much of the NNR since
most of the Sycamore's were removed. But among the list of those species rather carelessly unrecorded, are some which never occurred anywhere near Nottinghamshire a number of years ago, but have moved north through the UK and appeared shortly after the turn of the present century. Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird is a classic example, as are the now ubiqutous Oedemera nobilis Swollen-thighed Beetle (one of two new Oedemeridae species) and Agelastica alni Alder Leaf Beetle (Chrysomelidae). But quite where Budby (and Newstead Abbey's) Meloe proscarabaeus Black Oil Beetle suddenly came from in 2011, still baffles to this day. Who knows just what will turn up next? |
Haliplidae Aube 1836 |
Haliplus lineatocollis (Marsham, 1802) |
Haliplus ruficollis (De Geer, 1774) |
Noteridae Thomson, C.G., 1860 |
Noterus clavicornis (De Geer, 1774) |
Hygrobiidae Erichson, 1837 |
Hygrobia hermanii Screech Beetle (Fabricius, 1775) |
Dytiscidae Leach, 1815 |
Ilybius montanus (Stephens, 1828) |
Ilybius quadriguttatus (Lacordaire, 1835) |
Rhantus suturalis (MacLeay, 1825) |
Liopterus haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius, 1787) |
Disticus marginalis Great Diving Beetle Linnaeus, 1758 |
Hydroporus angustatus Sturm, 1835 |
Hydroporus melanarius Sturm, 1835 |
Suphrodytes dorsalis (Fabricius, 1787) |
Hygrotus nigrilineatus (Steven, 1808) |
Hyphydrus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1761) |
Carabidae Latreille, 1802 |
Nebria salina Fairmaire & Laboulbène, 1854 |
Notiophilus substriatus Waterhouse, G.R., 1833 |
Trechus quadristriatus (Schrank, 1781) |
Asaphidion curtum (Heyden, 1870) |
Ocys harpaloides (Audinet-Serville, 1821) |
Bembidion aeneum Germar, 1824 |
Bembidion articulatum (Panzer, 1795) |
Bembidion guttula (Fabricius, 1792) |
Bembidion obtusum Audinet-Serville, 1821 |
Poecilus cupreus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Poecilus versicolor (Sturm, 1824) |
Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) |
Pterostichus niger (Schaller, 1783) |
Pterostichus vernalis (Panzer, 1795) |
Calathus fuscipes (Goeze, 1777) |
Calathus melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Laemostenus terricola (Herbst, 1784) |
Anchomenus dorsalis (Pontoppidan, 1763) |
Agonum gracile Sturm, 1824 |
Agonum muelleri (Herbst, 1784) |
Amara communis (Panzer, 1797) |
Amara convexior Stephens, 1828 |
Amara equestris (Duftschmid, 1812) |
Amara eurynota (Panzer, 1796) |
Amara familiaris (Duftschmid, 1812) |
Amara lunicollis Schiødte, 1837 |
Amara ovata (Fabricius, 1792) |
Amara plebeja (Gyllenhal, 1810) |
Amara similata (Gyllenhal, 1810) |
Amara tibialis (Paykull, 1798) |
Harpalus affinis (Schrank, 1781) |
Harpalus rufipalpis Sturm, 1818 |
Harpalus rufipes (De Geer, 1774) |
Anisodactylus binotatus (Fabricius, 1787) |
Bradycellus harpalinus (Audinet-Serville, 1821) |
Bradycellus ruficollis (Stephens, 1828) |
Acupalpus parvulus (Sturm, 1825) |
Badister bullatus (Schrank, 1798) |
Dromius angustus Brullé, 1834 |
Helophoridae Leach, 1815 |
Helophorus grandis Illiger, 1798 |
Hydrophilidae Latreille, 1802 |
Helochares lividus (Forster, 1771) |
Cercyon convexiusculus Stephens, 1829 |
Cercyon impressus (Sturm, 1807) |
Sphaeridium bipustulatum Fabricius, 1781 |
Sphaeridium lunatum (Fabricius, 1792) |
Sphaeridium scarabaeoides (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Histeridae Gyllenhal, 1808 |
Dendrophilus punctatus (Herbst, 1792) |
Onthophilus striatus (Forster, 1771) |
Margarinotus neglectus (Germar, 1813) |
Margarinotus ventralis (Marseul, 1854) |
Hister unicolor Linnaeus, 1758 |
Hydraenidae Mulsant, 1844 |
Ochthebius minimus (Fabricius, 1792) |
Ptiliidae Erichson, 1845 |
Acrotrichis cognata (Matthews, A., 1877) |
Acrotrichis grandicollis (Mannerheim, 1844) |
Acrotrichis insularis (Mäklin, 1852) |
Acrotrichis rosskotheni Sundt, 1971 |
Leiodidae Fleming, 1821 |
Agathidium confusum Brisout de Barneville, 1863 |
Choleva glauca Britten, 1918 |
Choleva jeanneli Britten, 1922 |
Catops fuliginosus Erichson, 1837 |
Catops nigricans (Spence, 1813) |
Silphidae Latreille, 1807 |
Necrodes littoralis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Silpha tristis Illiger, 1798 |
Staphylinidae Latreille, 1802 |
Acidota crenata (Fabricius, 1792) |
Anthobium atrocephalum (Gyllenhal, 1827) |
Lesteva longoelytrata (Goeze, 1777) |
Phyllodrepa floralis (Paykull, 1789) |
Metopsia clypeata (Müller, P.W.J., 1821) |
Micropeplus staphylinoides (Marsham, 1802) |
Bolitobius castaneus (Stephens, 1832) |
Coproporus immigrans (Schülke, 2007) |
Ischnosoma splendidum (Gravenhorst, 1806) |
Lordithon thoracicus (Fabricius, 1777) |
Parabolitobius inclinans (Gravenhorst, 1806) |
Sepedophilus nigripennis (Stephens, 1832) |
Tachinus pallipes (Gravenhorst, 1806) |
Tachinus subterraneus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Tachyporus atriceps Stephens, 1832 |
Tachyporus chrysomelinus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Tachyporus hypnorum (Fabricius, 1775) |
Tachyporus nitidulus (Fabricius, 1781) |
Tachyporus pallidus Sharp, 1871 |
Aleochara curtula (Goeze, 1777) |
Aleochara kamila Likovský, 1984 |
Aleochara sparsa Heer, 1839 |
Alaobia scapularis (Sahlberg, C.R., 1831) |
Aloconota gregaria (Erichson, 1839) |
Atheta aquatica (Thomson, C.G., 1852) |
Atheta castanoptera (Mannerheim, 1830) |
Atheta harwoodi (Williams, 1930) |
Boreophilia eremita (Rye, 1866) |
Datomicra dadopora (Thomson, C.G., 1867) |
Datomicra nigra (Kraatz, 1856) |
Dinaraea angustula (Gyllenhal, 1810) |
Plataraea brunnea (Fabricius, 1798) |
Encephalus complicans Stephens, 1832 |
Gyrophaena joyioides Wüsthoff, 1937 |
Gyrophaena manca Erichson, 1839 |
Cypha seminulum (Erichson, 1839) |
Deleaster dichrous (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Stenus bifoveolatus Gyllenhal, 1827 |
Stenus brunnipes Stephens, 1833 |
Stenus clavicornis (Scopoli, 1763) |
Stenus flavipes Stephens, 1833 |
Stenus fulvicornis Stephens, 1833 |
Stenus ossium Stephens, 1833 |
Stenus providus Erichson, 1839 |
Stenus pubescens Stephens, 1833 |
Stenus solutus Erichson, 1840 |
Astenus lyonessius (Joy, 1908) |
Astenus pulchellus (Heer, 1839) |
Lithocharis nigriceps (Kraatz, 1859) |
Othius punctulatus (Goeze, 1777) |
Philonthus cognatus Stephens, 1832 |
Philonthus succicola Thomson, C.G., 1860 |
Philonthus tenuicornis Mulsant & Rey, 1853 |
Quedius curtipennis Bernhauer, 1908 |
Quedius maurorufus (Gravenhorst, 1806) |
Quedius maurus (Sahlberg, C.R., 1830) |
Quedius mesomelinus (Marsham, 1802) |
Quedius scintillans (Gravenhorst, 1806) |
Ocypus aeneocephalus (De Geer, 1774) |
Ocypus fuscatus (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Ontholestes murinus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Ontholestes tessellatus (Geoffroy, 1785) |
Platydracus stercorarius (Olivier, 1795) |
Tasgius ater (Gravenhorst, 1802) |
Tasgius morsitans (Rossi, 1790) |
Gauropterus fulgidus (Fabricius, 1787) |
Xantholinus longiventris Heer, 1839 |
Geotrupidae Latreille, 1802 |
Geotrupes stercorarius (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1766 |
Aphodius ater (De Geer, 1774) |
Aphodius contaminatus (Herbst, 1783) |
Aphodius depressus (Kugelann, 1792) |
Aphodius fimetarius (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Aphodius foetens (Fabricius, 1787) |
Aphodius foetidus (Herbst, 1783) |
Aphodius fossor (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Aphodius granarius (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Aphodius haemorrhoidalis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Aphodius luridus (Fabricius, 1775) |
Aphodius pedellus (De Geer, 1774) |
Aphodius rufus (Moll, 1782) |
Aphodius sticticus (Panzer, 1798) |
Hoplia philanthus Welsh Chafer (Füessly, 1775) |
Melolontha melolontha Common Cockchafer (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Amphimallon solstitale Summer Chafer (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Scirtidae Fleming, 1821 |
Cyphon pubescens (Fabricius, 1792) |
Buprestidae Leach, 1815 |
Agrilus sinuatus (Olivier, 1790) |
Byrrhidae Latreille, 1804 |
Simplocaria semistriata (Fabricius, 1794) |
Byrrhus fasciatus (Forster, 1770) |
Byrrhus pilula (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Elateridae Leach, 1815 |
Athous subfuscus (Müller, O.F., 1764) |
Agriotes acuminatus (Stephens, 1830) |
Sericus brunneus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Cantharidae Imhoff, 1856 (1815) |
Cantharis dicipiens Baudi, 1871 |
Cantharis lateralis Linnaeus, 1758 |
Cantharis nigra (De Geer, 1774) |
Rhagonycha limbata Thomson, C.G., 1864 |
Rhagonycha testacea (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Ptinidae Latreille, 1802 |
Ochina ptinoides (Marsham, 1802) |
Ernobius mollis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Anobium inexspectatum Lohse, 1954 |
Anobium punctatum (De Geer, 1774) |
Lymexylidae Fleming, 1821 |
Lymexylon navale (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Kateretidae Kirby, 1837 |
Brachypterus glaber (Stephens, 1832) |
Nitidulidae Latreille, 1802 |
Meligethes atratus (Olivier, 1790) |
Meligethes flavimanus Stephens, 1830 |
Omosita discoidea (Fabricius, 1775) |
Pocadius adustus Reitter, 1888 |
Monotomidae Laporte, 1840 |
Rhizophagus fenestralis (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Monotoma bicolor (Villa & Villa, 1835) |
Silvanidae Kirby, 1837 |
Uleiota planata (Linnaeus, 1761) |
Silvanus bidentatus (Fabricius, 1792) |
Laemophloeidae Ganglbauer, 1899 |
Cryptolestes duplicatus (Waltl, 1839) |
Phalacridae Leach, 1815 |
Olibrus aeneus (Fabricius, 1792) |
Cryptophagidae Kirby, 1837 |
Telmatophilus caricis (Olivier, 1790) |
Cryptophagus denticulatus Heer, 1841 |
Atomaria lewisi Reitter, 1877 |
Atomaria linearis Pygmy Beetle Stephens, 1830 |
Ephistemus globulus (Paykull, 1798) |
Erotylidae Latreille, 1802 |
Triplax aenea (Schaller, 1783) |
Byturidae Gistel, 1848 |
Byturus tomentosus Raspberry Beetle (De Geer, 1774) |
Coccinellidae Latreille, 1807 |
Coccidula rufa (Herbst, 1783) |
Scymnus femoralis (Gyllenhal, 1827) |
Scymnus frontalis (Fabricius, 1787) |
Scymnus schmidti Fürsch, 1958 |
Nephus redtenbacheri (Mulsant, 1846) |
Anisosticta novemdecimpunctata Water Ladybird (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Tytthaspis sedecimpunctata 16-spot Ladybird (Linnaeus, 1761) |
Myzia oblongoguttata Striped Ladybird (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Halyzia sedecimguttata Orange Ladybird (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata 22-spot Ladybird (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Adalia decempunctata 10-spot Ladybird (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird (Pallas, 1773) |
Subcoccinella vigintiquattuorpunctata 24-spot Ladybird (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Corylophidae LeConte, 1852 |
Orthoperus nigrescens Stephens, 1829 |
Latridiidae Erichson, 1842 |
Enicmus histrio Joy & Tomlin, 1910 |
Corticaria ferruginea Marsham, 1802 |
Mycetophagidae Leach, 1815 |
Mycetophagus quadriguttatus Müller, P.W.J., 1821 |
Typhaea stercorea Hairy Fungus Beetle (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Melandryidae Leach, 1815 |
Orchesia minor Walker, 1836 |
Melandrya caraboides (Linnaeus, 1761) |
Colydiidae Billberg, 1820 |
Cicones variegatus (Hellwig, 1792) |
Tenebrionidae Latreille, 1802 |
Lagria hirta (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Isomira murina (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Oedemeridae Latreille, 1810 |
Oedemera lurida (Marsham, 1802) |
Oedemera nobilis (Scopoli, 1763) |
Meloidae Gyllenhal, 1810 |
Meloe proscarabaeus Black Oil Beetle Linnaeus, 1758 |
Salpingidae Leach, 1815 |
Rabocerus gabrieli Gerhardt, 1901 |
Anthicidae Latreille, 1819 |
Stricticollis tobias (Marseul, 1879) |
Scraptiidae Gistel, 1848 |
Anaspis costai Emery, 1876 |
Cerambycidae Latreille, 1802 |
Rhagium mordax (De Geer, 1775) |
Stenocorus meridianus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Arhophalus rusticus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Poecilium alni (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802 |
Oulema rufocyanea (Suffrian, 1847) |
Cryptocephalus fulvus (Goeze, 1777) |
Chrysolina oricalcia (Müller, O.F., 1776) |
Chrysolina polita (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Chrysolina staphylaea (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Phratora laticollis Suffrian, 1851 |
Galeruca tanaceti (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Agelastica alni (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Phyllotreta nemorum (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Phyllotreta nigripes (Fabricius, 1775) |
Longitarsus luridus (Scopoli, 1763) |
Longitarsus melanocephalus (De Geer, 1775) |
Altica lythri Aubé, 1843 |
Altica oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Crepidodera aurea (Fourcroy, 1785) |
Crepidodera aurata (Marsham, 1802) |
Crepidodera fulvicornis (Fabricius, 1792) |
Sphaeroderma rubidum (Graëlls, 1858) |
Sphaeroderma testaceum (Fabricius, 1775) |
Psylloides chrysocephala (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Cassida flaveola Thunberg, 1794 |
Cassida rubiginosa Müller, O.F., 1776 |
Anthribidae Billberg, 1820 |
Platyrhinus resinosus (Scopoli, 1763) |
Platystomos albinus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Apionidae Schönherr, 1823 |
Ceratapion gibbirostre (Gyllenhal, 1813) |
Exapion fuscirostre (Fabricius, 1775) |
Eutrichapion vorax (Herbst, 1797) |
Protapion apricans (Herbst, 1797) |
Curculionidae Latreille, 1802 |
Archarius salicivorus Willow Gall Weevil (Paykull, 1792) |
Curculio glandum Acorn Weevil Marsham, 1802 |
Curculio rubidus (Gyllenhal, 1836) |
Anthonomus rubi Strawberry Blossom Weevil (Herbst, 1795) |
Cionus alauda (Herbst, 1784) |
Cionus hortulanus (Fourcroy, 1785) |
Cionus scrophulariae (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Dorytomus taeniatus (Fabricius, 1781) |
Mecinus pyraster (Herbst, 1795) |
Miarus campanulae (Linnaeus, 1767) |
Orchestes pilosus (Fabricius, 1781) |
Rhamphus oxyacanthae (Marsham, 1802) |
Ceutorhynchus constrictus (Marsham, 1802) |
Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus Cabbage Stem Weevil (Marsham, 1802) |
Ceutorhynchus picitarsis Gyllenhal, 1837 |
Thamiocolus viduatus Thomson, C.G., 1859 |
Euophryum confine (Broun, 1881) |
Acalles misellus Boheman, 1844 |
Acalles ptinoides (Marsham, 1802) |
Kyklioacalles roboris (Curtis, 1835) |
Phyllobius pomaceus Green Nettle Weevil Gyllenhal, 1834 |
Phyllobius roboretanus Small Green Nettle Weevil Gredler, 1882 |
Phyllobius virideaeris (Laicharting, 1781) |
Liophloeus tesselatus (Müller, O.F., 1776) |
Sciaphilus asperatus (Bonsdorff, 1785) |
Sitona lepidus Gyllenhal, 1834 |
Sitona striatellus Gyllenhal, 1834 |
Romualdius angustisetulus Hansen, 1915 |
Hylobius abietis Pine Weevil (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Pissodes pini (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Pityophthorus pubescens (Marsham, 1802) |
Kissophagus hederae (Schmitt, 1843) |
Hylurgops palliatus (Gyllenhal, 1813) |
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